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A cataract is the clouding of the normally clear lens that sits in the eye behind the pupil.Most cataracts are related to aging. Cataract is responsible for 62.60% of blindness in India in person above 60 years of age.
Recent data from the World Health Organization show that there is a 25% decrease in blindness prevalence in India and this can be attributed to increased number of cataract surgeries over the years.The delicate balance is offset by the increasing population and life expectancy. The number of people aged 60 years or older was 56 million in 1991 and it doubled by 2016, thus proportionately increasing the number of people at risk of cataract blindness.
Common symptoms from cataracts include halos around lights, needing more light to read, reduced clarity of vision and reduction in the brightness of colors. Such symptoms can also be associated with many other eye conditions, so it is important to visit your eye care provider to properly diagnose the cause of your symptoms.
In early stages, Cataract can be treated by prescription glasses, later on when glasses don’t work, surgery remains the only choice.
Cataract Surgery can be of different types.
· Phacoemulsification Surgery (Phaco)
· Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS)
· The Ranjan’s Modified Manual Small Incision cataract surgery (R -MSICS)
· Manual small incision cataract surgery (MSICS)
· Extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE)
· Intracapsular cataract extraction (ICCE)
Different Cataract Surgeries and Surgeries performed on complicated cataracts performed by Dr Pratyush Ranjan can be viewed by clicking the link below:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aAwOY-UVWNo&list=PLuzfqj1sqCXw8Kay91rihUm5BOu0vGlrk
Phaco is the most common technique used in modern cataract surgery. It involves the use of a Phaco machine with an ultrasonic handpiece equipped with a titanium or steel tip.
Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery has been shown to have no visual, refractive or safety benefit over phacoemulsification surgery.
The Ranjan’s Modified Manual Small Incision cataract surgery (R -MSICS) is developed by yours truly by a continuous active innovative process.
This technique is an evolution of ECCE (see below) where the entire lens is expressed out of the eye through a self-sealing scleral tunnel wound.
Extracapsular cataract extraction involves the removal of almost the entire natural lens while the elastic lens capsule (posterior capsule) is left intact to allow implantation of an intraocular lens.
Intracapsular cataract extraction (ICCE) involves the removal of the lens and the surrounding lens capsule in one piece.
Intraocular Lens (IOL) implanted after surgery are of different types. Broadly speaking there are five features available in lens design; Lens material, Ultraviolet Filter, Square Edge Design, Aspheric Design, and Focality. Based on these features IOLs can be of different types.
· Non-Foldable PMMA IOL
· Monofocal IOL
· Multifocal IOL
· Trifocal IOL
· EDOF IOL
· Toric IOL
There is no single IOL that is “best” for every person. It all comes down to finding the best set of lenses to address your specific needs. Mixing two different multifocal lenses or two different types of intraocular lenses is also done. Best IOL for you will decided after your comprehensive eye examination and discussion with you considering condition of your eye, your visual needs and desire to wear prescription glasses after surgery.
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Dr Pratyush Ranjan-MBBS, DO MS, DNB MAMS Cataract, Refractive and Glaucoma Specialist
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